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頸喙亞目 Auchenorrhyncha (Suborder of Hemiptera)

Auchenorrhyncha 來自希臘文 auchen，意思是頸部；rhyncos，意思是鼻子或鼻孔。這指的是口器的位置，從頭部後方靠近頸部的位置長出。Auchenorrhyncha comes form the Greek words auchen, which means neck, and rhyncos, which means nose or snout. This refers to the position of the mouthparts, which arises from the back of the head near the neck region.

種的俗名 Common names of members

蟬、唾蟲、葉蟬、樹蟬和花粉蟲

Cicadas, spittlebugs, leafhoppers, treehoppers, and planthoppers

分佈 Distribution

除南極和北極以外的各大洲

Every continent except Antarctica

形態描述 Morphology

口器從頭部後方出現

短、鬃毛狀的觸角

成爪有三個分段

大部分的它們具備優越的彈跳能力

Mouthparts arise from the back of the head

Short, bristle-like antenna

Adult claws have three subsegments

Many have excellent jumping abilities

生態與棲息地 Habitat & Ecology

熱帶、陸地

Tropics, terrestrial

食性 Diet

植物汁液

Plant sap

小知識 Fun Fact

Auchenorrhyncha 的異常之處在於雌雄會利用腹部側面一個稱為「tymbal」的器官跟同類進行溝通，其獨特結構所產生的特定種類聲波訊號，大多以人耳聽不到的震動形式透過植物傳送。另一方面，蟬會透過空氣來溝通而雄蟬則擁有所有昆蟲當中最響亮的「歌聲」。

Auchenorrhyncha are unusual in that the sexes communicate with each other using species-specific acoustic signals produced by a unique structure on the side of the abdomen called the ‘tymbal’ organ. Most of these calls take the form of vibrations that are inaudible to the human ear and are sent through the plant.

On the other hand, cicadas communicate through the air, males producing some of the loudest ‘songs’ of all insects.