< Back

短角亞目 Brachycera (Suborder of Diptera)

Brachycera 這個名稱源自古希臘語 βραχύς (brakhús, “短”) + κέρας (kéras, “觸角”), 指的是它們短小的雙段或三段觸角（有時為偽段式）。

The name Brachycera came from Ancient Greek βραχύς (brakhús, “short”) + κέρας (kéras, “antenna”), referring to their short, bi- or tri-segmented antennae (which are sometimes pseudosegmented).

種的俗名 Common names of members

虻、橫向管蚜蠅

Circular-seamed flies, muscoid flies, short-horned flies, mouches muscoïdes

分佈 Distribution

除南極洲外的每個大陸

Every continent except Antarctica

形態描述 Morphology

觸角分段減少

幼蟲下頜（下顎）由兩個不同的部分組成

上顎（在嘴巴附近的位置的細長附肢）有兩節或更少。

Reduced antenna segmentation

Two distinct parts make up of the larval mandible (lower jaw)

The maxillary palp (an elongated appendage near the mouth) has two segments or fewer

生態與棲息地 Habitat & Ecology

通常在水生或半水生環境附近，儘管許多也會生活在較乾燥的棲息地

Usually near an aquatic or semiaquatic environment, though many also live in drier habitats

食性 Diet

幼蟲，包括腐爛物、真菌、腐肉、昆蟲和動物，以及某些植物。

Larvae, including decaying materials, fungus, carrion, live insects and animals, and some plants

小知識 Fun Fact

蒼蠅是僅次於膜翅目昆蟲（蜜蜂、黃蜂及近親）的第二大授粉昆蟲。在潮濕和寒冷的環境中，蒼蠅是更重要的授粉者。與蜜蜂相比，牠們需要的食物較少，因為牠們不需要供養幼蟲。許多花蜜較少的花朵和已演化出陷阱授粉的花朵都要靠蒼蠅進行授粉。

Flies are the second largest group of pollinators after the Hymenoptera (bees, wasps, and relatives). In wet and colder environments flies are more important as pollinators. Compared to bees, they need less food as they do not need to provide for their young. Many flowers that bear low nectar and those that have evolved trap pollination depend on flies.