劍尾亞目 (Ensifera)來自拉丁語ēnsifera，意為「持劍者」，指的是其刀片狀的觸角。From Latin ēnsifera (“sword-bearing”), referring to the blade-like bill.

種的俗名 Common names of members

蟋蟀、螽斯

Crickets, katydids

分佈 Distribution  

除了南極洲外，分布於每個大洲。 Every continent except Antarctica

形態描述 Morphology 長的線狀觸角，擁有30多個分段

擴大的後腿用於跳躍

僵硬且皮革狀的前翅

Long thread-like antennae with 30+ segments

Enlarged hindlegs used for jumping

Stiff and leathery forewings

Tympanal organs located on the front legs

生態與棲息地 Habitat & Ecology

植物豐富的棲息地，如熱帶草原、草甸和熱帶森林。 Plant-rich habitats such as savannas, meadows, and tropical forests

食性 Diet

植物，有時也食用其他昆蟲。

Plant material and occasionally other insects

小知識 Fun Fact

雄性蟋蟀通過摩擦兩個特殊質地的身體部位發出響亮的鳴叫聲，這種行為稱為摩擦發聲。雄蟋蟀用下翅的尖銳邊緣（稱為「刮刀」）沿著上翅的細齒摩擦。蟋蟀還有一系列特定的歌曲，包括吸引配偶的求偶歌、追求雌性的求愛歌、成功交配後的勝利歌，以及驅逐其他雄性的攻擊歌。

Male crickets make a loud chirping sound by stridulation, which is the scraping of two specially textured body parts together. The male crickets rub the sharp edge of their lower wing, called a scraper, along the file of the upper wing. Crickets also have a collection of specific songs, the calling song to attract mates, the courting song to pursue females, the triumphal song when it successfully mates, and the aggression song to ward off other males.

已知的物種 Total species known

15,000

博物館收藏的物種 Species in the collection

86

在香港已知的物種 Species in Hong Kong

97

Reference

• Gwynne, Darryl T.; DeSutter; Laure (1996). "Ensifera: Crickets, katydids and weta".

• Gerry M. Dorrestein (2009) in Handbook of Avian Medicine (Second Edition)

• Chapman, R. F.; Simpson, Stephen J.; Douglas, Angela E. (2013). The Insects: Structure and Function. Cambridge University Press. pp. 826–833. ISBN 978-0-521-11389-2.

• Naskrecki, P. 2004. Orthoptera. In B. Grzimek, D. G. Kleiman, V. Geist, and M. C. McDade. Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia. Detroit: Thomson-Gale. ISBN 0787657883.