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半翅目 Heteroptera (Suborder of Hemiptera)

半翅目 Heteroptera (Suborder of Hemiptera)

名稱的希臘起源： Heteroptera (異翅目)，源自希臘文的 「hetero-(不同的意思) 」。「ptera 」意為翅膀，指的是前翅靠近基部（皮革狀）的紋理與頂部（膜狀）的紋理不同。

Greek Origins of Name: Heteroptera, derived from the Greek “hetero-” meaning different and “ptera” meaning wings, refers to the fact that the texture of the front wings is different near the base (leathery) than at the apex (membranous). 


種的俗名 Common names of members

真蟲

True bugs, typical bugs


分佈 Distribution  

除了北極洲和南極洲之外的各大洲，尤其是熱帶地區

Every continent except Arctic and Antarctica, especially in the tropics


形態描述 Morphology

通常小而平

前翅有兩種紋理，基部變硬，頂端透明

翅膀折疊平，背面形成 X 形設計

有吸吮的口器和堅硬的溝槽 (分隔口器的硬橋)

Usually small and flat

Forewings with two textures, harden at the base and transparent at tips

Wings are folded flat and forms an X-shaped design at the back

Have a sucking mouthparts and a hardened gula (a hard bridge that separates the mouthparts)


生態與棲息地 Habitat & Ecology

陸生和水生

Terrestrial and aquatic


食性 Diet

植物汁液、花蜜、血液、乾燥種子、較小的食植物昆蟲

Plant sap, nectar, blood, dried seeds, smaller plant-eating insect


小知識 Fun Fact 異翅類是一個非常多樣化的群體，一些關於不同群體的趣聞有：

  • Sphaerodema sp.雄性背著卵直到孵化。

  • Gerris sp.（滑水蟲）能夠在水面上行走，因為牠們有長而疏水的腿，而且鬃毛的緣邊能產生浮力讓牠們浮在水面上。

  • Pentatomidae (臭蟲) 能夠將惡臭的液體噴射到 50 公分遠的地方。

 Heteroptera is a very diverse group. Some curiosities about different groups are:

  • Sphaerodema sp. males carry the eggs on their backs until they are hatched. 

  • Gerris sp. (the water skaters) are able to walk on water due to their long, hydrophobic legs and bristle fringes creating buoyancy for them to float.

  • Pentatomidae (stink bugs) are able to eject a jet of stinking liquid to a distance of up to 50 cm.



已知的物種 Total species known

23,668

博物館收藏的物種 Species in the collection

376

在香港已知的物種 Species in Hong Kong

541


Reference

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