Sternorrhyncha 來自希臘文的 sterno，意思是胸部；rhyncos 的意思是鼻子或鼻樑。這指的是口器的位置，在前肢之間，靠近胸部的位置。Sternorrhyncha comes form the Greek words sterno, which means chest and rhyncos, which means nose or snout. This refers to the position of the mouthparts, which reside between the front legs and near the chest.

種的俗名 Common names of members

蚜蟲、粉虱、蝨子

Aphids, whiteflies, plant lice, and scale insects

分佈 Distribution  

野外

Worldwide

形態描述 Morphology

軟膜體

非常小，通常 2-3 釐米長

顏色主要為綠色或褐色

有翅或無翅

Soft membranous bodies

Very small, usually 2-3mm long

Mainly green or brown in color

Winged or wingless

生態與棲息地 Habitat & Ecology

溫帶地區的樹木和農作物

Trees and agricultural crops in temperate regions

食性 Diet

植物韌皮當中的流體

Fluid in plant phloem

小知識 Fun Fact

蚜蟲與螞蟻有一種特殊的共生關係，有些螞蟻品種甚至會“養殖”蚜蟲，蚜蟲會分泌一種叫做蜜露的液體，這種液體含糖量很高，螞蟻很喜歡把它當作食物來源，相對的作為回報螞蟻會把蚜蟲趕到植物最多汁的地方，並提供保護。

Aphids have a special symbiotic relationship with ants. Some ant species “farm” aphids because they secrete a liquid called honeydew, which is very sugar-rich, and quite favored by ants as a food source. In return, ants herd aphids around the juiciest parts of plants and provide protection to them.

已知的物種 Total species known

1,702

博物館收藏的物種 Species in the collection

66

在香港已知的物種 Species in Hong Kong

485 

Reference

• Insect Identification. (2024). Knowyourinsects.org. https://www.knowyourinsects.org/Homoptera.html#:~:text=Sternorrhyncha%20comes%20form%20the%20Greek,legs%20and%20near%20the%20chest.&text=Coleorrhyncha%20comes%20form%20the%20Greek,which%20means%20nose%20or%20snout. ‌

• MARTIN, J. H., & LAU, C. S. K. (2011). The Hemiptera-Sternorrhyncha (Insecta) of Hong Kong, China—an annotated inventory citing voucher specimens and published records. Zootaxa, 2847(1). https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2847.1.1 ‌

• Chew, P. (2024). Soft Bugs - Order Hemiptera, Suborder Sternorrhyncha. Brisbaneinsects.com. https://www.brisbaneinsects.com/brisbane_softbugs/index.html ‌

• Chew, P. (2024). Soft Bugs - Order Hemiptera, Suborder Sternorrhyncha. Brisbaneinsects.com. https://www.brisbaneinsects.com/brisbane_softbugs/index.html ‌

• Sailendharan Sudakaran, Christian Kost, Martin Kaltenpoth, Symbiont Acquisition and Replacement as a Source of Ecological Innovation, Trends in Microbiology, Volume 25, Issue 5, 2017, Pages 375-390, ISSN 0966-842X, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2017.02.014. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0966842X17300513)

• Haworth, C. (2023, May 30). How Ants and Aphids Work Together for Mutual Benefit. Killroy Pest Control. https://killroy.com/how-ants-and-aphids-work-together-for-mutual-benefit/#:~:text=Aphids%20feed%20on%20plant%20sap,much%2Dneeded%20source%20of%20energy. ‌

• Thoughtco. (2019). How Ants and Aphids Help Each Other. ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/aphid-herding-ants-1968237#:~:text=Ants%20and%20aphids%20share%20a,aphids%20from%20predators%20and%20parasites.

• Siu, C., & Lau, K. (n.d.). CHECKLIST OF INSECTS OF HONG KONG. https://www.afcd.gov.hk/english/quarantine/qua_plants/files/Checklist.pdf

• ITIS - Report: Sternorrhyncha. (2024). Itis.gov. https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=109185#null

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