均翅亞目（Zygoptera）源自古希臘語 ζυγός（zugós，意為「均勻」）和 πτερά（pterá，意為「翅膀的複數形式」）；前翅和後翅基本上形狀相同，與相關的蜻蜓不同

From Ancient Greek ζυγός (zugós, “even”) + πτερά (pterá, “plural of πτερόν, wing”); the front and hind wings are essentially of the same shape, differently from the related dragonflies. 

種的俗名 Common names of members

豆娘

Damselflies

分佈 Distribution  

除了南極洲外，分布於每個大洲。

Every continent except Antarctica

形態描述 Morphology

身體比蜻蜓小而纖細

復眼分開得很遠

前翅和後翅相似

停息時翅膀緊貼身體

Smaller slimmer bodies than dragonflies

Compound eyes widely separated

Similar forewings and hindwings

Wings folded close to the body when resting

生態與棲息地 Habitat & Ecology

淡水棲息地，如酸性泥炭沼澤、池塘、湖泊和河流。

Freshwater habitats such as acidic bogs, ponds, lakes, and rivers

食性 Diet

幼蟲時期食用小甲殼類和水蚤；成蟲時期食用飛行昆蟲。

Small crustacean, water fleas (nymph); flying insects (adult)

小知識 Fun Fact

牠們具有性別二型性，雄性通常顏色更鮮豔。幼蟲會不斷脫皮，在最後一次脫皮時，牠們會爬出水面進行變態：皮膚沿著背部裂開，翅膀出現，腹部膨脹以達到成蟲形態。

They are sexually dimorphic, so males are often more brightly colored. Nymphs molt repeatedly and during their last molt, they climb out of the water to undergo metamorphosis: their skin splits down their back, wings emerge and their abdomen is inflated to reach their adult form. 

已知的物種 Total species known

2,942

博物館收藏的物種 Species in the collection

73

在香港已知的物種 Species in Hong Kong

42

Reference

• Allen, Katherine (2009). The ecology and conservation of threatened damselflies. The Environment Agency. pp. 1–6. ISBN 978-1-84911-093-8. 

• Freshwater Macroinvertebrates in Hong Kong. (2014). Biosch.hku.hk. https://www.biosch.hku.hk/ecology/staffhp/dd/macroinvertebrates/Odonata/odonata.html#:~:text=The%20total%20number%20of%20odonate,the%20suborder%20Zygoptera%20(damselflies). 

• Selys-Longchamps, E. (1854). Monographie des caloptérygines (in French). Brussels and Leipzig: C. Muquardt. pp. 1–291 [2]. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.60461.

• Zygoptera Selys, 1854 in Döring M (2022). English Wikipedia - Species Pages. Wikimedia Foundation. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/c3kkgh accessed via GBIF.org on 2024-11-15.