Emballonuridae,源于希腊文 emballōn（"扔进"）和希腊文 οὐρά（ourā́,"尾巴"）,意为 "直立的尾巴",指的是该科成员的尾巴外观松散.

Emballonuridae, from Greek emballōn (“throw in”) and Greek οὐρά (ourā́, “tail”), means “erect tail”, in reference to the fact that the tail of the members of this family have a loose appearance.

種的俗名 Common names of members

囊翼蝠或鞘尾蝙蝠.

Sac-winged or sheath-tailed bats.

分佈 Distribution

分布于新热带地区、非洲热带地区、亚洲南部、澳大利亚和南太平洋岛屿.

Found in the Neotropics, Afrotropics, southern Asia, Australia and South Pacific islands.

體型 Size

牠们是所有蝙蝠中体型最小的,体长从 3.5 公分到 10 公分不等.

They are some of the smallest of all bats, and range from 3.5 to 10 cm in body length.

形態描述 Morphology

牠们一般是棕色或灰色.牠们的头部与家犬相当,翅膀狭长.牠们都有长长的耳朵、大量的毛发和长长的翅膀,翅膀由四根伸长的手指组成,上面覆盖着一层皮膜.不过,牠们的腿很短,脚上有锋利的爪子,用于倒挂休息.

They are generally brown or gray. The heads are comparable to those of domestic dogs, and their wings are long and narrow. All of them have long ears, a lot of fur and long wings formed from four elongated fingers covered by a cutaneous membrane. Though, their legs are short with sharp claws on their feet for hanging upside down while resting.

生態與棲息地 Habitat & Ecology

雨林、灌木林、热带草原和其他热带环境.据了解,牠们会在光线充足的山凹、裂缝和洞穴中栖息.

Rainforests, shrublands, savannahs and other tropical environments. They are known to roost in well-illuminated hollows, crevices and caves.

食性 Diet

牠们可能被定為食蟲性,但偶尔也会吃水果.

They may be insectivorous, but occasionally eat fruits.

繁殖 Reproduction 

大多数蝙蝠物种都是一雄多雌,即一只雄性蝙蝠与多只雌性蝙蝠交配,但也有多雄多雌,即多只雄性蝙蝠与多只雌性蝙蝠交配.雌性负责大部分的育儿工作.雄性负责喂养和保护幼崽.刚出生的蝙蝠不会飞,所以牠们会呆在窝里或爬到母亲身上.通常 2-4 周后牠们就能飞了.

Most bat species are polygynous, where one male mates with multiple females, but there are polygynandry systems too, where multiple males mate with multiple females. Females are responsible for most of the parenting care. Males responsible for feeding and protecting young. Newborn bats cannot fly so they stay in the dwell or climb on their mothers. Usually they can fly after 2-4 weeks.

已知的物種

Total species known

54

博物館收藏的物種

Species in the collection

1

在香港已知的物種

Species in Hong Kong

1

References

Fenton, M. B., Simmons, N. B. (2015). Bats - A World of Science and Mystery. The University of Chicago Press.

Vaughan, T.A., Ryan, J. M., Czaplewski, N. J. (2000). Mammalogy. Saunders College Publishing.

Macdonald, D. W. (2006). The Encyclopedia of mammals. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acref/9780199206087.001.0001.